THE STRUCTURAL IMPACT OF HIGH SPEED RAIL UPON URBAN INDUSTRIES IN CHINA
JIANG Hua-xiong1, CAI Hong-yu2, MENG Xiao-chen1
1. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
2. School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Abstract：Transportation is one of the most important location factors which influence urban development. High speed rail (HSR), as a newly important form of transportation, reduces the cost of the transport, which will directly or indirectly contribute to urban economic development. The direct effect refers to itself as a kind of location factor improving regional transportation conditions and regional accessibility. The indirect impact is that it can influence the flow of labor, capital and other geographical factors' spatial distribution and finally change the location conditions of urban development. Both influences may contribute HSR as kind of agglomeration or dispersion force of economy. In order to analyze the effect of high speed rail upon urban industrial structure, we use 2010 China Industrial and Commercial Enterprise Registration data, and revise the Market Potential model to calculate the market potential of the selected industries which have inputoutput connection and spatial linkage, and then get the new employment of each industrial sector and analyze the effects of HSR upon urban industrial structure. Results show:1) In general, the proportion of urban manufacturing industry shows a downward trend, and decrease slightly, the proportion of service industry shows an upward trend, and increase slightly. 2) HSR mainly increases the proportion of low-end service of manufacturing-oriented cities and the high-end service industry of service-oriented cities. 3) The impact of HSR is greater on the cities that surround or distribute on the radiation lines of core cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, which implies that HSR strengthens the spillover effect of the core cities and meanwhile reduce the potential of development of the edge cities.
蒋华雄, 蔡宏钰, 孟晓晨. 高速铁路对中国城市产业结构的影响研究[J]. 人文地理, 2017, 32(5): 132-138.
JIANG Hua-xiong, CAI Hong-yu, MENG Xiao-chen. THE STRUCTURAL IMPACT OF HIGH SPEED RAIL UPON URBAN INDUSTRIES IN CHINA. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 2017, 32(5): 132-138.
Atack J, Bateman F, Haines M, et al. Did rail-roads induce or follow economic growth? Urbanization and population growth in the American Midwest, 1850-1860[J]. Social Science History, 2010,34(2):171-197.
[1]
Roller L H, Waverman L. Telecommunications infrastructure and economic development:A simultaneous approach[J]. American Economic Review, 2001,91(4):909-923.
[3]
Cervero R. The Transit Metropolis:A Global Inquiry[M]. Washington D C:Island Press, 1998:27-31.
[2]
Atack J, Bateman F, Haines M, et al. Did rail-roads induce or follow economic growth? Urbanization and population growth in the American Midwest, 1850-1860[J]. Social Science History, 2010,34(2):171-197.
[4]
Banister D, Berechman J. Transport Investment and Economic Development[M]. London:UCL Press, 2000:59-83.
[3]
Cervero R. The Transit Metropolis:A Global Inquiry[M]. Washington D C:Island Press, 1998:27-31.
[5]
Bruinsma F R, Rietveld P. The accessibility of European cities:Theoretical framework and comparison approaches[J]. Environment and Planning, 1998,30(2):449-521.
[4]
Banister D, Berechman J. Transport Investment and Economic Development[M]. London:UCL Press, 2000:59-83.
[6]
Leuning T, Swaffield J, Hartwich O M. Cities Limited[M]. London:Policy Exchange Press, 2007:1-53.
[5]
Bruinsma F R, Rietveld P. The accessibility of European cities:Theoretical framework and comparison approaches[J]. Environment and Planning, 1998,30(2):449-521.
[7]
Martínez Sánchez-Mateos H S, Givoni M. The accessibility impact of a new high-speed rail line in the UK:A preliminary analysis of winners and losers[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2012(25):105-114.
[6]
Leuning T, Swaffield J, Hartwich O M. Cities Limited[M]. London:Policy Exchange Press, 2007:1-53.
[8]
Gutiérrez J. Location, economic potential and daily accessibility:An analysis of the accessibility impact of the high speed line MadridBarcelona-French border[J].Journal of Transport Geography, 2001,9(4):229-242.
[7]
Martínez Sánchez-Mateos H S, Givoni M. The accessibility impact of a new high-speed rail line in the UK:A preliminary analysis of winners and losers[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2012(25):105-114.
[9]
Zheng S Q, Kahn M E. China's bullet trains facilitate market integration and mitigate the cost of megacity growth[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013,110(14):E1248-E1253.
[8]
Gutiérrez J. Location, economic potential and daily accessibility:An analysis of the accessibility impact of the high speed line MadridBarcelona-French border[J].Journal of Transport Geography, 2001,9(4):229-242.
[10]
Blum U, Haynes K E, Karlsson C. The regional and urban effects of high-speed trains[J]. The Annals of Regional Science, 1997,31(1):1-20.
[9]
Zheng S Q, Kahn M E. China's bullet trains facilitate market integration and mitigate the cost of megacity growth[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013,110(14):E1248-E1253.
[11]
Gutiérrez J, González R, Gómez G. The European high-speed train network:Predicted effects on accessibility patterns[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 1996,4(4):227-238.
[10]
Blum U, Haynes K E, Karlsson C. The regional and urban effects of high-speed trains[J]. The Annals of Regional Science, 1997,31(1):1-20.
[12]
Willigers J, Van Wee B. High-speed rail and office location choices:A stated choice experiment for the Netherlands[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2011,19(4):745-754.
[11]
Gutiérrez J, González R, Gómez G. The European high-speed train network:Predicted effects on accessibility patterns[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 1996,4(4):227-238.
[13]
Amano K, Nakagawa D. Study on Urbanization Impacts by New Stations of High Speed Railway[C]. Dejeon:Conference of Korean Transportation Association, 1990.
[12]
Willigers J, Van Wee B. High-speed rail and office location choices:A stated choice experiment for the Netherlands[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2011,19(4):745-754.
[14]
Hirota R. Present situation and effects of the Shinkansen[J]. Transport Policy and Decision Making, 1985,3(3):255-257.
[13]
Amano K, Nakagawa D. Study on Urbanization Impacts by New Stations of High Speed Railway[C]. Dejeon:Conference of Korean Transportation Association, 1990.
[15]
Moshe M. Development and impact of the modern high-speed train:A review[J]. Transport Reviews, 2006,26(5):593-611.
[14]
Hirota R. Present situation and effects of the Shinkansen[J]. Transport Policy and Decision Making, 1985,3(3):255-257.
[16]
Bonnafous A. The regional impact of the TGV[J]. Transportation, 1987,14(2):127-137.
[15]
Moshe M. Development and impact of the modern high-speed train:A review[J]. Transport Reviews, 2006,26(5):593-611.
[17]
Chen C L, Peter H. The wider spatial-economic impacts of highspeed trains:A comparative case study of Manchester and Lille subregions[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2011,24:89-110.
[16]
Bonnafous A. The regional impact of the TGV[J]. Transportation, 1987,14(2):127-137.
[18]
殷平.高速铁路与区域旅游新格局构建——以郑西高铁为例[J].旅游学刊,2012,27(12):47-53.[Yin Ping. High-speed railway (HSR) and establishment of new pattern of regional tourism:A case study of the high-speed railway between Zhengzhou and Xi'an[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2012,27(12):47-53.]
[17]
Chen C L, Peter H. The wider spatial-economic impacts of highspeed trains:A comparative case study of Manchester and Lille subregions[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2011,24:89-110.
[19]
胡静,程露萍,周密.高铁对湖北省旅游产业集聚水平的影响[J].重庆交通大学学报(社会科学版),2015(5):22-26.[Hu Jing, Cheng Luping, Zhou Mi. High-speed rail impact on the agglomeration level of regional tourism industry in Hubei province[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Social Sciences Edition), 2015(5):22-26.]
[18]
殷平.高速铁路与区域旅游新格局构建——以郑西高铁为例[J].旅游学刊,2012,27(12):47-53.[Yin Ping. High-speed railway (HSR) and establishment of new pattern of regional tourism:A case study of the high-speed railway between Zhengzhou and Xi'an[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2012,27(12):47-53.]
[20]
张萌萌,孟晓晨.高速铁路对中国城市市场潜力的影响——基于铁路客运可达性的分析[J].地理科学进展,2014,33(12):1650-1658.[Zhang Mengmeng, Meng Xiaochen. Impact of high-speed railway on market potential of Chinese cities:Analyses based on railway passenger transport accessibility[J]. Progress in Geography, 2014,33(12):1650-1658.]
[19]
胡静,程露萍,周密.高铁对湖北省旅游产业集聚水平的影响[J].重庆交通大学学报(社会科学版),2015(5):22-26.[Hu Jing, Cheng Luping, Zhou Mi. High-speed rail impact on the agglomeration level of regional tourism industry in Hubei province[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Social Sciences Edition), 2015(5):22-26.]
[21]
Harris C D. The market as a factor in the localization of industry in the United States[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1954,44(4):315-348.
[20]
张萌萌,孟晓晨.高速铁路对中国城市市场潜力的影响——基于铁路客运可达性的分析[J].地理科学进展,2014,33(12):1650-1658.[Zhang Mengmeng, Meng Xiaochen. Impact of high-speed railway on market potential of Chinese cities:Analyses based on railway passenger transport accessibility[J]. Progress in Geography, 2014,33(12):1650-1658.]
[22]
Graham D J. Agglomeration, productivity and transport investment[J]. Journal of Transport Economics & Policy, 2007,41(3):317-343.
[21]
Harris C D. The market as a factor in the localization of industry in the United States[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1954,44(4):315-348.
[23]
戴特奇,金凤君,王姣娥.空间相互作用与城市关联网络演进——以我国20世纪90年代城际铁路客流为例[J].地理科学进展, 2005,24(2):80-89.[Dai Teqi, Jin Fengjun, Wang Jiaoe. Spatial interaction and network structure evolvement of cities in term of china's railway passenger flow in 1990s[J]. Progress in Geography, 2005,24(2):80-89.]
[22]
Graham D J. Agglomeration, productivity and transport investment[J]. Journal of Transport Economics & Policy, 2007,41(3):317-343.
[24]
Clark J M. Toward a concept of workable competition[J]. The American Economic Review, 1940,30(2):241-256.
